rezim-podzemnih-voda-subtermalnih-karstnih-vrela-primer-milusinackog-vrela

REŽIM PODZEMNIH VODA SUBTERMALNIH KARSTNIH VRELA – PRIMER MILUŠINAČKOG VRELA

GROUNDWATER REGIME OF THE SUBTHERMAL KARST SPRINGS – AN EXAMPLE OF MILUŠINAC KARST SPRING

Veselin Dragišić¹, Slavko Špadijer¹, Vladimir Živanović¹, Miroslav Krmpotić¹

¹ Rudarsko-geološki fakultet, Beograd

APSTRAKT: Karstna vrela su karakteristična po režimu isticanja tako da je česta pojava da odnos minimalne i maksimalne izdašnosti izvora bude 1 : 1000 pa i manji. Kada su u pitanju subtermalna karstna vrela, variranja u pogledu kapaciteta izvora usled njihovog uzlaznog karaktera su mnogo manja tako da ova vrela i pored toga što potiču iz karstne sredine imaju mnogo postojaniji kvalitet i kvantitet. Detaljnim geološkim i hidrogeološkim istraživanjima u toku 2004. i 2005. godine obuhvaćena je oblast Milušinačkog vrela nedaleko od Sokobanje. Istraživanja su bila usmerena na to da sye okonturi ležište podzemnih voda, definišu uslovi prihranjivanja, cirkulacije i dreniranja izdani. Režimska osmatranja su trajala godinu dana i obuhvatila su praćenje kapaciteta i temperature vrela i promenu hemijskog i bakteriološkog sastava vode koja ističe. Utvđena je međusobna korelacija između izdašnosti i temperature izvora, dok su promene režima isticanja analizirane retardacionom krivom.

Ključne reči: subtermalna karstna vrela, Milušinačko vrelo, režim, retardaciona kriva, bilans.im

ABSTRACT: Karst springs are characterised by the way of discharge so that there are some cases when ratio between minimal and maximal spring yield is 1 : 1000, and sometimes even smaller. Speaking about subthermal karst springs, capacity variations are much smaller as a result of the accidential discharge. As a result of this, these waters have stable qualitative and quantitative regime despite the fact that they originate from the karst aquifer. Geological and hydrogeological researches were done in years 2004 and 2005 in wider area of the karst spring Milušinac near Sokobanja town. Delineation of groundwater source (horizontal and vertical), determination of groundwater flow patterns, recharge and discharge conditions have been accomplished by detailed hydrogeological research works. Groundwater regime monitoring was predominantly based on continual recirdubg of groundwater yield and temperature, while physical – chemical charecteristics of groundwater were recorded through numerous chemical and bacteriological analyses. Certain dependence between spring capacity and groundwater temperature has been noticed as a result of mixing the „cold“ and „warm“ karst groundwater. Regime variations have been analysed by using the recesion curve. Key words: subthermal karst springs, Milušinac spring, regime, recession curve, water budget.